What is Stitch Length and What Is Its Purpose?
Stitch length is a major factor in achieving the desired results when sewing. It is the distance between one stitch and the other on a piece of fabric. Generally speaking, short stitches are best for delicate and lightweight fabrics, while longer stitches are recommended for thick materials. The purpose of adjusting the stitch length on a sewing machine is to produce the desired look and quality of the finished garment with the fabric chosen.
What Are the Different Types of Stitches?
The different types of stitches available on a sewing machine are basting stitch (for stitching without tension), utility stitch (for heavier fabrics and for gathering), stretch stitch (used for sewing elastic and lycra), zigzag stitch (for hems, decorative stitching and overlocking), blind hemming stitch (for hemming). Straight stitch (for construction) is the longest stitch. Adjusting the length will make a difference to the quality of the stitching, as well as the way it looks.
How to Adjust the Stitch Length on a Sewing Machine
The stitch length can be adjusted by changing the settings on the machine. Depending on the machine, there may be either a dial or a lever, or both, to adjust the stitch length. You can easily find the stitch length adjustment option in the machine’s step-by-step instructions. It is important to remember that different fabrics and stitch types will require different settings.
If adjusting the stitch length manually, it is important to use a ruler, so you can measure the exact length of stitch. This will help ensure that the stitches are consistent, resulting in a more professional finish for your project. It is also essential to remember to set the stitch length back to its original setting after use.
Tips for Adjusting the Stitch Length
When adjusting the stitch length, consider the type of project, the fabric and the thread. Different settings are required for different tasks, so make sure to check the project guide to determine the correct stitch length. It is important to check the stitch length settings with a sample piece of fabric and thread to ensure the desired look is achieved.
To get the best result, it is always recommended to practice on a scrap piece of fabric first, so that you can adjust the settings accordingly until the desired look is achieved. Taking the time to practice will help you to become familiar with the settings and techniques required to get the best results.
Alternative Pressures for Different Purposes
The pressure settings on a sewing machine are also important for achieving the desired results. Pressure settings can be adjusted to increase the tension of the stitches, allowing you to use heavier fabrics. This setting can be adjusted manually or automatically with some machines. The pressure needed for different fabrics may vary, so it is important to make sure the pressure settings are correct for the fabric being used.
Pressure can also be adjusted to allow for smoother stitching, which is useful for finer fabrics and more delicate work. Generally, it is not recommended to use the maximum pressure settings unless absolutely necessary as this can create an overly tight stitch on the fabric.
If the Stitch Length is Too Small or Too Large
If the stitch length is too small, the seams may not hold or the fabric may pucker. Alternatively, if the stitch length is too large, the seams may stretch and there may be gaps or loops in the fabric. In either case, the stitch length should be adjusted to a more suitable setting. As a general rule, the lighter the fabric, the shorter the stitch length should be.
The best way to check if the stitch length is correct is to test a sample piece of fabric. Once the fabric passes the stitch length test, it is safe to proceed with the project. This can help to ensure that the desired look and quality are achieved.
Recommended Stitch Length for Different Fabrics
Different fabrics require different stitch lengths to achieve the desired look and quality. Generally, for lightweight and fine fabrics it is best to use a shorter stitch length, between 1.5 to 2.5mm. For medium-weight fabrics, the stitch length should be between 2 to 3mm. For heavier fabrics, the stitch length should be set at 3 or higher.
It is important to note that some fabrics, such as velvet and suede, should never be stitched with a long stitch length as this will cause the fabric to pull and strain, resulting in an uneven finish. Additionally, for fabrics such as tweed and corduroy, a longer stitch length should be used as these fabrics tend to stretch more easily.
Is the Exact Length Necessary?
Most experts recommend that the exact length be used, particularly when working with fine or delicate fabrics, as this will ensure the best results and quality. However, if the project is something less demanding, such as a simple bag or cushion cover, then it is not always necessary to be exact and the stitch length can be slightly altered to account for the fabric being used.
It is important to remember that when adjusting the stitch length, the fabric, thread, and desired look should all be taken into account. As with any project, practice and patience will ensure the best results.
What Are Some Common Stitching Issues?
Stitching issues are common when the incorrect stitch length is used. Issues such as puckering, skipping stitches, and thread breakage can all be caused by using a stitch length that is too large or too small for the fabric. These issues can be avoided by taking the time to adjust the stitch length as needed.
Not allowing enough thread when sewing can also cause thread breakage and uneven stitching. Unwinding the thread before each stitch and making sure the thread does not go through the machine too quickly will help prevent thread breakage.
Finally, mismatching the thread to the fabric can cause problems. It is important to select a thread that matches the type and color of the fabric, as this will avoid any stitching issues.
Using a Quality Sewing Machine
Using a quality machine is also essential for successful stitching. High-end sewing machines may have features that make adjusting stitch length easier. Additionally, some machines will have an automatic tension control, which adjusts the tension as the fabric moves under the needle.
Using a quality machine also ensures a smoother running machine, which in turn results in better stitches. Taking the time to research and purchase a well-regarded sewing machine will help to ensure that successful and high-quality stitching can be achieved.
