Sewing machines are now found in homes all over the world, but some machines may be prone to ‘skipping stitches’. This can be a frustrating problem for hobbyists and professionals alike, as it can greatly affect the quality of their sewing projects.
Skipping stitches occur when the machine needle is not able to enter the fabric and make a clean hole in one stitch, causing the next stitch to then skip over it. This problem can present itself in several forms, from uneven sewing lines and thread tension problems to loopy stitches, loose stitches, and weak stitching lines. The following guide will explain the causes of skipping stitches and suggest a few solutions to address this issue.
Types of Skipped Stitches
Stitch skipping normally has one of four causes—incorrect thread tension settings, incorrect machine settings, incorrect fabric selection, or worn components. Worn components can cause skipped stitches due to residual lint and oil in the machine, which can interfere with the needle, hook and thread’s movements. The hook and bobbin can also become worn from extended use and may need to be replaced if the tension setting fails to fix the problem. Poorly fitting needles, damaged machine parts and rusted hook/bobbin systems can also lead to skipped stitches.
It’s also possible that skipped stitches can be caused by incorrect thread tension settings. If the tension settings are too tight, the machine may need to be re-threaded correctly, and the tension setting can then be adjusted to obtain the correct stitch tension. If the settings are too loose, the machine may need to be re-threaded and the tension settings adjusted accordingly to alleviate the issue.
Incorrect Machine Settings
Incorrect machine settings can also cause skipped stitches. It’s important to adjust the machine settings to the type of fabric being sewn, as this will ensure the fabric/machine settings are synchronized. If the wrong machine settings are used, it may lead to stitch problems, such as skipped stitches. Choose a machine needle and thread that are appropriate for the fabric being used, and use the correct stitch length and width settings.
Incorrect fabric selection can also lead to stitch skipping. Use the appropriate fabric for the project, such as the recommended fabrics for quilting projects, as some lightweight fabrics need a pre-shrink before being used. Thin fabrics are generally easier to sew and leave fewer skipped stitches.
Cleaning the Sewing Machine
Regular maintenance and cleaning are essential when it comes to preventing skipped stitches. Check the hook and bobbin for worn or damaged components and clean them regularly with a soft cloth. Use a cotton cloth and sewing machine oil to lubricate the hook, which should also correct any stitch skipping problems. Also check the machine settings and tension and clean the machine afterwards.
It’s also important to use the correct needles and thread for your sewing project. Inspect the needle before installing it in the machine, as a dull needle can cause skipped stitches. Use the correct type of thread for the fabric, as it may require using a heavier thread for thicker fabrics. If the settings and needle and thread are correctly adjusted, the skipped stitches should disappear.
Verifying the Problem
If the problem persists, it is important to verify that the skipped stitches are not caused by a machine malfunction or defect. Weaving out a scrap piece of fabric will help you to verify that all the stitches are uniform and evenly placed. Check the hook and bobbin casing for any signs of wear and replace them, if necessary. If the hook or bobbin is worn, the stitches will be dispersed irregularly. Replace them with new parts and adjust the settings, tension, and fabric.
If the issue persists, it may be necessary to contact a professional sewing machine technician. They will be able to diagnose any technical problems or defective parts that may be causing the stitch skipping. Replacing these parts or adjusting the machine settings will resolve the issue.
Skipping Stitches with Knits
Skipping stitches can cause problems when sewing knits. Using a zig zag stitch, a seam ripper and a walking foot can help to prevent skipped stitches when stitching knits. A zig zag stitch will allow the fabric to stretch without breaking, and the seam ripper can be used to pull apart skipped stitches. A walking foot will help to prevent the fabric from shifting and bunching up, which can cause skipped stitches.
Also, using a stabilizer can help to give stability to the fabric, prevent stitch skipping, and ensure the fabric remains stable while being sewn. It’s also important to use a proper needle, as some needles are designed specifically for knits and can help to feed the fabric through the machine more easily.
Test Fabric before Sewing
Test the fabric before sewing a large project. This will help to eliminate any errors such as stitch skipping, incorrect thread tensions, or incorrect settings before the full project is completed. It also presents an opportunity to make any necessary adjustments or changes beforehand. Check the fabric type, machine settings, and thread tensions to ensure everything is correct.
Repairing skipped stitches can be a challenge, but following the correct methods and techniques can help you to fix this issue. Make sure the thread tension, machine settings, needle type, and fabric selection are correct and maintain the sewing machine with regular cleaning and maintenance. If all else fails, contact a sewing machine technician to help with any technical defects or malfunctioning components.
Adjusting the Needle Guard
The needle guard helps to keep the needle in place by providing a barrier between the needle and the fabric. If the needle guard isn’t correctly positioned, it can cause skipped stitches and uneven stitching lines. Before starting your project, check the needle guard and make sure it is correctly adjusted and positioned; this should help to prevent skipped stitches.
The differential feed mechanism also helps to control the fabric and thread as it passes through the machine, which reduces the risk of skipped stitches. If the differential feed is too high or low, this can cause skipped stitches, so it’s important to adjust the differential feed to the correct level.
It’s also possible that the issue may be caused by the machine not being correctly lubricated. Check the machine and lubricate the hook and all moving parts to ensure the machine is correctly maintained. Too much or too little oil can also cause skipped stitches, so keep the machine properly lubricated.
Check the Tension Wheels
Having two tension control knobs–one on the front and one on the back of the machine–enables you to adjust the tension settings and prevent skipped stitches. Check the tension settings and tension wheels, as some machines may be more sensitive than others. If the settings are wrong, it can cause the stitches to skip over fabric.
Chances are if the tension settings are properly adjusted, and the needle and thread are compatible with the fabric, most stitch skipping problems will be resolved. However, if the problem persists, contact a sewing machine technician to inspect the machine for any mechanical defects.
