Adjusting the Different Types of Tensions on a Sewing Machine
Many sewers worry about the tensions on the sewing machine, because they can sometimes be difficult to adjust. The problem is that there are three different tensions, stitch tension, upper thread tension, and lower thread tension. Each tension needs to be adjusted in order to get the right stitch type and strength. Fortunately, with some careful adjustment, it is possible to fix the tension on a sewing machine.
Before making any adjustments, sewers should investigate the problem by observing the stitch type, stitch tension, thread tension, and how it looks after sewing. If the fabric puckers with the stitch, the stitch tension is too tight. Some fabric requires very tight tension, so analyzing the fabric should help determine the correct tension for it.
After identifying the problem, there are three different tension wheels the sewer can adjust for correct tension. The first is the stitch tension wheel. It’s usually located in the upper part of the machine and is used to regulate the amount of thread for the correct type of stitch being used. If the stitch tension is too tight, the thread will be pulled too much and cause the fabric to pucker. To adjust the stitch tension, use the tension wheel, normally found at the top of the machine, to loosen or tighten the thread tension.
The second tension is the upper thread tension. This regulates the amount of tension on the upper thread. To adjust the upper thread tension, loosen or tighten the tension dial, which is located on the side of the machine. If it’s too loose, the fabric won’t hold together and if it’s too tight, the top layer of the fabric can get caught in the machine.
The third tension is the lower thread tension, which regulates the amount of tension on the lower thread. The lower thread tension can usually be found in two places. The first is the needle thread tension and the second is the bobbin tension. Adjusting the needle thread tension is similar to adjusting the upper thread tension. To adjust, loosen or tighten the tension dial which is located on the side of the machine. Adjusting the bobbin tension is often the most difficult to adjust and should be left to a professional if the user is not confident in their ability.
To get the best tension on a sewing machine, the sewers should take the time to practice and become familiar with the machine. It will take time, but with patience and the right technique, it is possible to get the perfect tension on a sewing machine.
Thread Tension and Different Thread Weights
Thread tension and different thread weights can be another factor to consider when adjusting stitch tension on a sewing machine. The thread weight can affect the tension of the stitch, so the sewer should make sure to choose the correct weight of thread for the project. The thread weight is usually denoted by letters: A (very fine), B (fine), and so on.
Thread tension should also be examined in regards to stitch tension. If the thread tension is too low, the thread will not wrap around the spool as it should and will give an uneven stitch. Additionally, if the thread tension is too high, the thread can pull too much and cause the fabric to pucker. In order to achieve the best stitch tension, the thread tension should be adjusted in-between these two extremes.
Troubleshooting Sewing Machine Tension
If the sewers still find themselves facing tension issues when sewing, there are a few troubleshooting methods they can use. Firstly, cleaning the bobbin area and its components can help, as a buildup of thread can cause tension problems. Secondly, make sure the bobbin is in the machine correctly, as an incorrectly inserted bobbin can cause the wrong tensions. Lastly, replace the needle if it gets worn or bent.
Using the Right Sewing Technique
Having the correct tension is important for achieving quality stitched results, but using the correct sewing technique can also help improve the results. The sewer should make sure that the fabric is firmly held before beginning to sew and that the stitches are steady and even.
When sewing, the user should also focus on maintaining a consistent stitch length. If the stitch length is too long, the stitches can become loose and uneven. The sewer should practice a few stitches on a scrap piece of fabric before beginning and adjust the stitch length accordingly.
Using the Right Sewing Materials and Fabrics
Using the right sewing materials and fabrics is also important for good stitch tension results. Make sure that the needle is of the right size and shape for the fabric being used. Additionally, the user should use quality needles and thread, as they will help prevent tension issues.
The fabric itself can also affect the stitch tension. Fabrics with a lot of bulk, such as denim and corduroy, require higher tensions when sewing. Delicate fabrics, on the other hand, should have lower tensions in order to prevent puckering. Experimenting with different fabrics can help the sewers figure out which tension settings work best for their projects.
Checking the Tension Before Starting to Sew
Of course, it is also important to make sure the stitch tension is correct before beginning to sew. Many sewing machines come with an indicator that tells the user what tension to use for a certain stitch. If the machine does not have this feature, the user should test the tension on a scrap piece of fabric before beginning the project.
A good practice is to do a few test stitches of different tensions before starting a project. This will help the sewer to figure out what tension they need to use and how it will affect the finished result. It is also a good idea to check the tension often during stitching, as the tension can change during the sewing process.
Repair and Maintenance
Finally, regular maintenance and repair will help to keep the sewing machine running smoothly and the tension settings accurate. Dust and debris can build up in the machine and cause problems with tension, so it is important to keep the machine clean.
The user should also have their machine serviced regularly. Professional servicing can detect and repair any issues that might affect stitch tension. Additionally, the sewers can purchase new parts if needed, such as a new tension wheel or bobbin, which can help improve the stitch tension.
Conclusion
Stitch tension can be a difficult issue to solve, but with some careful adjusting and practice it is possible to get the right tension on a sewing machine. Checking the different tensions, using the right sewing technique, material, and fabrics, and regularly repairing and maintaining the machine can all help to get the correct tension for the highest quality results.
