How To Finish A Stitch With A Sewing Machine

Sewing by machine involves classic techniques, as well as knowing how to finish a stitch with a sewing machine. For a perfect finish, it is essential to thread the machine with the correct type of thread – there are many different types available. Choose an all-purpose thread, so it can be used on many different kinds of fabrics. Thread it through the eye of the needle, and make sure that the thread is slightly longer then the distance between the needle and the spool.

Adjust the Tension

The tension of the thread is another important element to consider when finishing a stitch. To adjust the tension, loosen the tention knob, pull the upper thread until it is slightly taut, and then wind the knob back to tighten it. When the upper and lower thread tensions are properly set, the bobbin thread should appear on the top of the fabric. If this does not happen, it means that too much tension has been used on the upper thread.

Chaining and Sewing

To begin the process, start by chaining up the thread, which is simply winding the thread around the machine. Sew a few stitches by using the foot pedal. Applying pressure on the pedal will make the needle move from left to right, and it will also raise and lower the foot. As the pedal is being used, the needle will create a lock stitch. This stitch is the most common used in sewing machines.

Releasing the Bobbin Thread

Now, it is time to release the bobbin thread. To do this, lower the presser foot, and move the needle to the highest position. This is done by turning the hand wheel on the right side of the machine. On the left side, locate the bobbin winder, and press the lever in the middle of the machine. Then, start turning the hand wheel on the right, and the bobbin thread will start to come up the feed dog.

Finishing the Stitch

Once the bobbin thread is visible, stop the machine, and hold both upper and lower threads on the left side, and then cut off the excess thread. Use a needle or a tacker to tie the threads together, creating a knot on the wrong side of the fabric. To finish sewing, turn the hand wheel around one complete circle. This will bring the needle in the downward position. Pull the fabric off the machine, and the stitch is done.

Consult Professionals

The right type of thread and tension is important in order to achieve a perfect finish when stitching with a sewing machine. In order to learn the best techniques, consulting a professional tailor or seamstress is highly recommended.

Stitching Different Fabrics

The thread, tension and technique used will depend on the fabric. For cloth made of natural fibers such as linen or cotton, it is best to use short needles, a polyester thread and a medium tension. For synthetic fabrics such as polyester, rayon and acrylics, a polyester-wrapped thread should be used, along with a longer needle and high tension.

Changing the Needle

Sometimes, when stitching different fabrics, it is necessary to change the needle. For a needle to work properly, it must be the right size, type and length. Generally, a leather needle is used for thick fabrics like leather or canvas, while a sharp needle is best for light fabrics such as chiffon or silk. It is important to note that the needle should be changed often, as it can be easily worn out.

Choosing the Right Stitch Type

The type of stitch used is another important element to consider when finishing a stitch. A basic straight stitch is suitable for lightweight fabrics, while more complicated stitches, such as zigzag or decorative stitches are perfect for heavier fabrics. As a general rule, the heavier the fabric, the more stitches that should be used.

Choosing the Right Presser Foot

When stitching, it is important to choose the right presser foot. A general-purpose presser foot is suitable for most stitching tasks. However, for certain fabrics and garments, such as denim or heavy curtains, a walking foot can be used, as it provides more pressure. It is also important to remember to use the right needle plate – most sewing machines have different types of needle plates, so it is best to check the manual when changing presser feet.

Reading Stitch Length

The stitch length of a machine is the amount of fabric that is moved, or stitched, in one direction. To control the stitch length, turn the hand wheel until the correct stitch length is displayed. For most garments, a standard stitch length of 2-4mm is usually sufficient, but for thicker fabrics, a longer stitch length may be needed.

Skipping Stitches

Sometimes, due to fabric bunching, the sewing machine may skip stitches. To prevent this from happening, use the correct type of needle, adjust the tension and keep the needle sharp and clean. If the stitches start to bunch up, the tension may need to be adjusted, or the presser foot may need to be changed.

Presser and Feed Dog Pressure

When finishing a stitch, it is important to check the pressure of the presser foot and feed dog. These should always match, or else the fabric may not feed through properly. Generally, most sewing machines have a default pressure setting, which is usually around 2.5 pounds. If the fabric is too light or too heavy, the pressure should be adjusted accordingly.

Lubricating the Machine

To ensure a clean and effortless stitch, it is important to keep the sewing machine well-lubricated. This can be done by applying oil to the gears and key moving parts. This should be done regularly and, ideally, when the machine is used a lot. Additionally, the machine should be kept clean and free of dust and debris at all times.