Threading Your Sewing Machine
The first step in increasing tension on your sewing machine is threading it correctly. Assemble the bobbin correctly and make sure to use the correct size thread and needle. Ensure that the needle is securely securing. Select the desired stitching length, width and tension setting. When threading the machine, draw the thread straight up into the spool before looping clockwise about the larger are of the tension discs. It’s important to note the thread should never pass through the lower tension disc.
Thread Tension Settings
Next, it’s time to adjust the tension settings. Thread tension settings on most machines is adjusted by a dial or knob with settings from 0-9. Setting the tension too low may cause fabric puckering, as the needle will not be able to pull the bobbin thread up through the fabric, and setting the tension too high may cause needles to break, fabric stretching or skipped stitches. Therefore, it’s important to adjust the tension setting just right to avoid problems.
Checking Thread Tension
Once the tension is set, you should test it by sewing a few stitches on a scrap of fabric. When examining the stitches you should have an even amount of bobbin thread showing on the top and bottom side of the fabric. If there is more bobbin thread showing on the bottom side, turn the tension up a bit and re-test, and if there is more on the top side, turn the tension down. Remember to always adjust tensions in small adjustments.
Using Different Thread Types
The type of thread you are using can also affect required tension. Some threads are designed to be stronger than others, so they will require more tension than lighter threads. Also, different types of thread such as cotton or synthetic are used for different types of fabrics, and will require different tensions. If you are having problems with tension, it would be worthwhile to try a different thread.
Using the Right Needle
Using the right needle for the type of fabric being sewn can also help to increase tension. Different needles have different points and eye sizes, which can improve the ability of your machine to make the stitches. A narrow point needle is best for lightweight fabrics and a wide point needle is best for heavier fabrics, so it is important to select the appropriate needle for the project.
Cleaning the Machine
Regular cleaning of the machine will also help to prevent tension problems from arising, as lint and debris can build up in the machine and cause problems. Over time the build-up can impede the movement of the components of the machine, including the needles, reducing the potential tension.
Inspection of the Hook
At regular intervals, it is important to inspect the hook of the machine, which is the component that picks up the bobbin thread to form stitches. If it is not working correctly, it can affect the tension of the machine, so it is important to keep it clean and in good working order.
Lubrication
It is important to keep all the moving parts of the machine lubricated, as lack of lubrication can cause increased friction and reduce tension. Many machines have an automatic lubrication system, but some will require manual lubrication. Be sure to read your manual for specific instructions on how to do this.
Resetting Default Tension
If all else fails, it may be necessary to reset your machine to the default tension settings. This can be done by turning the tension setting to 0 and then slowly turning it up until the stitches look even on the test fabric.
Using Aids
Finally, there are several aids that can be used to help increase the tension on your machine. Magnetic tension discs can be used to increase tension in difficult areas, such as when sewing thick fabrics or when using heavy thread. There are also several tools and aids available to help inspect, clean and lubricate the machine.
