Safety First
Safety is of utmost importance when setting a sewing machine. Before starting, make sure the power cord is in good condition, that it hasn’t been chewed by rodents or frayed. Check too that the outlet is grounded, meaning it must have three prongs and it’s connected to a circuit breaker or ground fault circuit breaker. Also, adjust the foot control setting to its minimum vibration level and keep the machine covered when not in use.
Start Basic
First, it is important to get familiar with the basic components of a sewing machine: the sew plate, feed dogs, presser foot, needle, bobbin winder, and hand wheel. Then, you can start by threading the machine, which involves threading the upper thread and dialing the tension to an appropriate level. Also, be sure to adjust the bobbin tension as well as needle position depending on the kind of machine you have.
Stitching
Once the machine is properly threaded, it is time to sew. Choose between straight or zigzag stitches and call the corresponding numbers from the dial. If necessary, adjust the pressure of the presser foot and the stitch length in order to match the fabric and pattern. Also, if the machine has a stitch width control, use it to get the desired results.
Threading Problems
In case the fabric is not properly stitched, it is important to identify the problem. According to experts, some of the most common causes of fail stitching are uneven thread tension, incorrect needle size, incorrect stitch length and even wrong fabric selection. In all cases, be sure to change the needle often to avoid puncturing and damaging the fabric.
Threading Difficulties
Threading difficulties are also common when configuring a sewing machine. One way to prevent them is to use a machine oil and keep the internal parts lubricated, as this will lessen friction and thread jams. Also, read the instruction manual carefully and familiarize yourself with the bobbin winding mechanisms and the tension settings.
Fastening and Embroidery
Once the basic stitches have been mastered, you can move onto techniques such as fastening. To fasten the stitches, you can use a blind stitch, which is an evenly spaced line of stitches that cannot be seen from the outside. You can also use a lock stitch, which is an x-shaped stitch configuration that will hold the fabric firmly even when tugged. If you wish to make your own designs, then you should try free-hand embroidery.
Needle Selection
The needle size and type is just as important as the thread and fabric you choose. Make sure to use the right needle length and thickness depending on the pattern, fabric, stitches and thread you are using. Generally, the rule of thumb is to use a universal needle when sewing with single-knit fabrics, a ball point needle with knit fabrics, and a sharps needle when sewing heavier fabrics.
Maintenance
As with all machines, regular maintenance is key to keeping a sewing machine in good condition. Change the needle often and clean lint, dust and particles from the face of the machine. You can also use a brush for the bobbin area, and adjust the stitch length so that the threads match the fabric thickness. Be sure to oil the parts as well and never operate the machine until it is completely free from dirt and dust.
Stitch Pattern Selection
There are many types of patterns to choose from when configuring a sewing machine. The stitch type is one of the main factors to consider, as some fabrics may require stretch stitches for better stitching. You can also choose different decorative stitches to make unique designs or to add padding or topstitches.
Stitch Tension Adjustment
One of the most important settings is the stitch tension, which is the amount of force applied to the threads while stitching. When adjusting the tension, you should use a fabric swatch to test the settings and make sure the stitch strength is equal on both sides of the fabric. Also, it is recommended to adjust the tension every time any changes are made to the machine, such as threading or needle size.
Adjusting Feed Dog
Adjusting the feed dog height on a sewing machine is also important when setting up a machine. Generally, keep it low if you are working on light fabrics and high if you are sewing on a heavy fabric. To adjust the feed dog height, use the screw located beneath the needle plate, and you can also adjust it to accommodate the type of stitch you are working with.
Presser Foot Selection
The presser foot is also an important component of a sewing machine. A suitable presser foot should be chosen based on the fabric, pattern and stitch you are working with. When selecting a presser foot, make sure it has enough clearance to accommodate the fabric and thread, and that the stitch length is appropriate.
Test Runs
Before you start working on your projects, it is important to make a few test runs with scraps of fabric. Test out different types of stitches, tensions and presser feet to make sure the stitching is even and consistent. This will ensure that the final result is professional and that the fabric and pattern have been properly matched.
