How to use sewing machines
Sewing machines offer a convenient and efficient way to stitch fabrics together quickly and accurately. These advanced machines allow people to create clothing, home décor, and even works of art like quilting. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced craftsman, learning how to use a sewing machine is an essential skill.
In this article, we explore the basics of operating a sewing machine, giving you pointers and tips for success. First, we look at the different types available, then move on to explain how to thread the needle and set up the machine. Finally, we’ll review some of the important safety considerations when using a sewing machine.
Types of Sewing Machine
One of the most important decisions when selecting a sewing machine is whether to opt for a manual or automatic device. Manual machines are the more traditional variety, featuring manual levers and dials that are used to set stitch length, tension, and other settings. Automatic machines are the preferred choice of most experienced sewers, if budget allows. They offer a range of automated functions and settings, making it easier and faster to create fabrics.
Threading the Needle
Once you have chosen your machine, the next step is to thread the needle. This is a straightforward process, but it’s important to get it right to ensure the stitching looks accurate and neat. First, hook the spool on the spool pin and the thread through the front of the machine, then drive the thread through the tension disk and guide post. Finally, thread the needle from the front and adjust the tension wheel so it’s tight but not too tight.
Setting up the Machine
After the needle is threaded, it’s time to set up the machine. This involves adjusting the stitch length and tension settings – usually between two and four on these devices. It’s also important to ensure the bobbin is properly inserted and the presser foot is raised or lowered as needed. Checking the thread tension on a scrap piece of fabric before starting is another important step, as it can help you fine-tune the settings and reduce any puckering or bunching of the fabric.
Safety Considerations
Sewing machines are safe to use, but only when the proper safety precautions and guidelines are followed. Always make sure the power is off before cleaning or doing repairs. Keeping the table, space and surfaces near the machine clean and free of debris will help reduce the risk of accidents or injuries. Additionally, keep your hands and fingers away from moving parts while the machine is in operation and never leave it unsupervised.
Selecting Fabric
Fabric selection is an important factor when using a sewing machine. The best fabrics to work with are generally natural fibers, such as cotton, linen, and silk. Synthetic fibers, such as polyester and nylon, can also be used but are not as reliable as natural fibers. When selecting fabric, take into account the end use of the item and the desired quality of the finished product. Taking the time to assess the fabric before starting can help ensure a successful sewing project.
Operations, Techniques and Tips
Getting started on a sewing machine is relatively easy, but mastering more complex operations can take time and practice. Some useful tips for success include taking smaller strides and stitch lengths, rather than attempting to sew curves in one go. Choose the right needle for the fabric you are sewing and do not overtighten the tension of the stitching.
When doing complex operations, use scraps of fabric as practice pieces so that you can perfect the technique before using the finished fabric. Sewing machines also come with helpful accessories, such as zigzag feet and walking feet, which can make sewing projects faster and easier.
Adopting the Right Posture
Having the right posture when using a sewing machine is important. It helps to reduce fatigue, increase accuracy and prevent injuries. Make sure you are comfortable and able to reach all of the controls easily – the feet should be flat on the floor and the back supported with a chair that offers lumbar support.
It can be helpful to invest in accessories such as an adjustable height table, an illuminated lamp and a magnifying glass to help with accuracy. Taking regular breaks is also important – aim for 10 minutes for every hour of sewing for optimal success.
Using Different Stitches
Most basic machines offer a few basic stitching operations. However, there are many more stitches and effects that can be used to create fabrics. Overlock stitching, blind hems, decorative stitches, and zigzag techniques can all help to increase the range of textiles you can create.
Manufacturers provide helpful instruction manuals for the more complex stitching techniques. With a little practice, these can be mastered quickly and easily, giving you more confidence when tackling more elaborate projects.
Cleaning and Maintaining the Sewing Machine
Regular maintenance of your sewing machine is important to ensure it remains in good working order. First, it’s important to clean the bobbin area and underside of the needle plate to remove any lint or dust. This helps to prevent malfunction or jams during operation.
It’s also important to change the oil and take apart the parts of the machine for cleaning at least twice a year. This helps to ensure the moving parts remain lubricated and don’t create friction during operation, which can cause damage to the machine or the fabric.
Customizing the Sewing Machine
Although most machines come pre-set with basic operations and stitching techniques, they usually allow for some personalization through the use of different feet, needle plates and bobbins.
These can help to increase the range of possible projects and operations, while also allowing you to recreate specific stitches or effects. It’s important to research the types of accessories available, as these may be specific to a particular model or brand of machine.
Decorative Embellishments
Many different types of decorative embellishments can be added to fabrics to create unique and individual items. Decorative stitching, buttons, sequins, and beads are all popular choices for spicing up fabrics and adding more interest to projects.
Embellishments come in a range of shapes and sizes, making it easy to find the perfect one for any project. If possible, it’s best to test out embellishments on a scrap fabric beforehand, to ensure they work with the chosen fabric, technique, and machine.
Tips for Advanced Sewers
Once you’ve mastered the basics, there are some more advanced techniques and techniques to explore when using a sewing machine. Consider following a pattern for more challenging projects, as this not only helps you to visualize the end product but it can also simplify the setup and stitching process.
Analyzing a pattern can teach valuable skills such as understanding the grain of the fabric, and the best types of stitches that can be used. Additionally, materials like interfacing can be used to add structure and provide added strength to the finished product.
Creating complex and interesting fabrics is possible with a sewing machine, with a bit of practice and perseverance. With the right fabrics, techniques and machines, you can create and stitch many different textiles and garments.
