Threading the Sewing Machine
When it comes to sewing machines, setting the correct tension is an integral part of the sewing process. Too much tension and the stitches will bunch up or become distorted; too little tension can cause the thread to unravel or the fabric to pucker. To get it just right, understanding how the thread passes through the machine is essential.
When threading a sewing machine, it should be done in the following order. Firstly, a spool of thread should be placed upon the top spool pin. A thread guide should then be used to route the thread around the tension discs and towards the take-up lever. This lever pulls the thread up to the point where it can be inserted into the needle.
The next step is to draw a loop of thread from the presser foot, through the thread guide, around the tension disc and back up through the presser foot. This helps to ensure the thread is going through all the parts of the machine correctly. Once the loop is created, the take-up lever can be engaged to draw the thread through the machines tension discs.
Finally, the thread should be directed under the presser foot and through the eye of the needle. To ensure the thread is correctly seated within the needle, it should be pulled firmly downward and then cut by hand away from the needle.
Setting the Tension
To gauge the tension of the thread, experts suggest taking an old scrap of fabric and setting the machine’s tension to ‘2’ or ‘3’ if the fabric is light. Generally speaking, the heavier the fabric, the higher the pressure setting should be.
After this has been done, a straight stitch should be stitched while moving the fabric slightly back and forth. The stitches aren’t super important here as this is just a test. After the stitch is made, it is a good idea to examine how the stitches look on both sides of the fabric.
If the stitches look the same on both sides, the tension is just right. If the knots of the stitches are at the top of the fabric, the tension is too loose. On the other hand, if the knots of the stitches are at the bottom of the fabric, the tension is too tight. Adjusting the tension to an appropriate level is as simple as turning the tension knob until the correct tension is created.
Factors That Influence Tension Balance
A lot of factors have an impact on tension balance, and it is important for sewers to be aware of these so that their machine is set up correctly. One of the most common factors is the type and thickness of the thread being used. Different threads require different tension settings. Choosing the right thread for the fabric being sewn is also important, as thicker threads require higher tension settings.
Another factor to consider is the material or fabric being sewn. As mentioned earlier, heavier fabrics require a higher tension, while lighter fabrics require less. It is also important to check that the needle size is the correct size for the fabric being sewn. The wrong sized needle can also have a significant impact on tension balance.
Tension Discs
The basis of all sewing machine tension systems is the two tension discs that sit on the upper and lower shafts of the machine. Tension discs serve two main functions; they help control the amount of tension on the upper thread, and they help to keep the bobbin thread at the level of the needle plate.
When it comes to tension discs, it is important to ensure they are clean and free of any dust or lint, as any dirt or debris can obstruct the way the thread passes through the machine. The tension discs should also be checked regularly in order to ensure they are not bent or damaged, as this can also have a detrimental effect on tension balance.
Correcting Problems
If your stitches are coming out uneven or loose, there is a chance that the tension needs to be adjusted. It is also highly recommended to periodically clean and oil the machine, as well as change the needle when necessary. In the event of a more serious issue, seeking professional help for more intricate repairs may be necessary.
One of the most useful tools when it comes to troubleshooting sewing machines is a tension tester. This device is designed to measure the tension on a thread and helps sewers identify any problems they may have. The goal is to ensure the pressure is balanced across both the top and bottom threads.
Understanding Tension Settings
When it comes to finding the right tension settings, it is important to remember that every sewing machine is different and requires a different approach. Understanding the capabilities of your machine and the type of fabrics and threads you are using will go a long way towards perfecting your sewing results.
It is also worth noting that the tension settings can be different depending on the stitch type or decorative stitches being used. Experienced sewers tend to adjust the tension based on the project they are working on, as each fabric has different requirements. Trial and error is sometimes the best way to find the optimum tension setting for a particular project.
Using the Right Thread
The type of thread used for a particular fabric can also make a difference when it comes to tension balance. In general, light threads require a lower tension while heavier threads require a higher tension. It is also important to note that a larger thread requires a higher tension than a smaller one. Choosing the right type and size of thread for the project at hand can make a big difference to the quality of the outcome.
Sewing Machine Maintenance
While tension setting is of critical importance to sewing machine functionality, it’s also important to maintain the machine in good working condition. When it comes to maintenance, this means regularly cleaning, oiling, and inspecting the machine for any problems. Not only will this keep the machine working correctly, but it can also extend its life span.
In addition to regular maintenance, it’s important to also use quality materials and supplies. Quality materials such as needles and bobbins can help ensure consistent stitching and help enhance the overall stitch quality.
Stress Free Sewing
With the right knowledge and the right maintenance, sewing can be a relaxing and enjoyable activity. Setting the tension correctly on a sewing machine is one of the most important aspects of the process. Understanding the way tension sets work and the factors that influence it can help sewers create and maintain the right tension balance for their projects. Taking the time to understand these concepts will not only enable sewers to create consistent and beautiful stitches, but it will also help reduce the stress associated with sewing.
