Overview
The goal of stringing a sewing machine is to help ensure it is running at its most efficient level. Doing so is an important part of the sewing process and prevents problems from occurring during the process. It is a fairly easy process that can be done quickly with the right instructions. In this article, we will cover the steps involved in stringing a sewing machine and offer advice from experienced sewers on how to do it correctly. We will likewise address any potential problems sewers may encounter during the process.
Remember the Needle Type
Before beginning the stringing process, it is important to check that your needle is the right size and type for the type of fabric or thread being used. A needle too large can cause the fabric to bunch up or be punctured and damaged, while a needle that is too small can fray the fabric and warp the thread. Generally, a 75/11 or 80/12 needle size is good for light fabrics, while 90/14 needles are best for heavier fabrics like denim or corduroy.
Checking the Tension Settings
The tension settings on the sewing machine should also be checked before stringing. This is important to ensure that the fabric and thread are not being pulled too tight or too loose through the needles and tension discs. Generally, the tension settings should be at 4 for lightweight fabrics, and between 7 and 8 for heavier fabrics.
Adjusting the Thread Position
Next, the thread needs to be adjusted in the bobbin holder. The thread should be tight enough to hold the thread in place, but not so tight that it restricts the movement of the machine. Once the thread is in the right spot, the bobbin holder should be re-locked in place.
Winding the Bobbin
The bobbin should then be wound with the same thread being used to stitch the fabric. This is done by inserting the thread spool into the bobbin holder and turning the bobbin winding knob in the direction indicated on the machine. The bobbin should be wound until the thread is moderately full and stops winding. You should then clip the thread and remove the bobbin from the spool.
Threading the Machine
Once the bobbin is correctly wound and in place, it’s time to thread the sewing machine. This is done by inserting the thread through the needle from front to back before passing it through the tension discs, thread guide, and finally the take-up lever. Once the thread is in place, check it’s been correctly done by tugging gently on the end to make sure it is pulled tight.
Checking the Thread Tension
Once the machine is correctly threaded, the tension should be checked. This is done by running the machine without fabric, and attempting to pull the thread out of the fabric feed. If the thread is easily extracted, then the tension is too loose, and if it’s barely able to be pulled out, the tension could be too tight. Adjust the tension settings accordingly to ensure the perfect level of tension for the best stitch quality.
Troubleshooting Possible Issues
If the sewing machine is producing substandard stitching, it may be due to the machine not being threaded correctly. To check for this, slowly move the fabric feed with one hand and the upper tension knob with the other. If the lower thread is unable to move freely, the thread may be jammed. If this occurs, the sewing machine should be unthreaded and the tension should be adjusted accordingly. If the thread remains taut when the fabric is moved, but the thread bunches up while the machine is running, then the upper thread tension may be set too tight.
Cleaning the Sewing Machine
Regularly keeping your sewing machine clean and free of debris is an essential part of running it efficiently and avoiding any needle problems or issues with threading. To clean the machine, first remove the needle and bobbin before brushing away any lint and dust gathered on the need plate and the shuttle area. You can then use a damp cloth and a small amount of detergent to clean the machine. Any built up lint should be removed with a needle and lint brush, before replacing the needle and bobbin.
Using the Right Needles
Sewers should also ensure that they are using the correct needles for their project. A sharp needle will create a crisper, more clearly defined stitch when compared to a dull one. If a needle is being used regularly and not replaced, the tip of the needle can become blunt and cause fabric to snag or weave. It is recommended to replace needles looking dull or worn, or after using them for thick fabrics like leather or denim.
Changing Upper Tension Settings
If the upper thread tension is not forming a loop when the machine is running, then the tension setting may need to be increased. This is a quick and easy process, with the tension knob generally located around the needle and bobbin holder. Rotating the knob in a clockwise direction increases the tension, while clockwise decreases it.
Using the Right Thread
The type of thread used for a project can also have an effect on the quality and longevity of the stitching. Threads should generally be chosen based on their weight, construction and type. Heavyweight polyester threads, for example, offer an extremely durable option for projects that require extra strength and resilience. Generally, lighter threads are more suitable for lightweight fabrics as they don’t bulk the fabric up as much, while heavier threads can be used for tougher fabrics such as denim or canvas.
Ensuring the Fabric Glides Easily
To ensure the sewing machine is running smoothly and the fabric is able to glide effortlessly under the needle, it is important to lubricate the machine regularly. Many machines come with a small tube of lubricant that should be regularly applied to the timing rod and all other moving parts. Doing this will help ensure the machine is running smoothly and incidences of snagging or sticking are avoided.
Testing the Stitch Quality
Once the machine is correctly threaded and tensions set, it is a good idea to test the stitch quality on a scrap of fabric before starting work. This will provide an indication of the quality of the stitching and any problems with the tension before committing any fabric to the project. It is worth taking the extra time to test this before beginning, as it will provide peace of mind and ensure the machine is running correctly.
